Activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway
GPCR, G protein coupled receptor.
1. Courtney KD,
et al. J Clin Oncol
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et al. Cell
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1529.
PTEN
AKT
PIP
2
PIP
3
Growth
Angiogenesis
PIP
2
mTORC1
PRAS40
p27
GSK3
FOXO
Casp9
BAD
AS160
MDM2
eNOS
Survival
Proliferation Metabolism
mTORC2
PI3K
PI3K pathway signaling is
initiated by activation of
RTKs,
1,2
RAS,
1,3
or
GPCRs
1,4,5
Pathway activation is
stimulated by growth
factors,
1
insulin,
1,2
and cytokines
6
1
6
0
9
0
4
3
6
8
1
